The Use of Electroconvulsive Therapy in Patients with Severe Depression

The Use of Electroconvulsive Therapy in Patients with Severe Depression or Schizophrenia â€Å"In studies, people with both a background marked by extreme discouragement and a past filled with physical injury because of a mishap positioned the agony of psychological instability as much more terrible than that of physical trauma† (Isaac 5). Psychological maladjustments cause huge torment and conceivably even passing; in the year 2000, the self destruction pace of patients experiencing despondency was evaluated at fifteen percent. This is a demonstration of the way that psychological maladjustments, for example, wretchedness and schizophrenia are not kidding issues, and those experiencing them merit the best treatment accessible. Numerous specialists go to antidepressants and â€Å"talk-therapy† in endeavors to mend their patients; be that as it may, there are different alternatives. Electroconvulsive treatment (ECT), otherwise called electroshock, or just electrotherapy, is a disputable treatment of various psychological instabilities, including melancholy, schizophrenia, bipolar turmoil, and other state of mind issue. The system comprises of sending an electric flow through the cerebrum, basically stunning it and inciting a seizure. There are many known reactions, including memory misfortune; be that as it may, their commonness and size are quite discussed and far over-sensationalized, making a negative notoriety. The inception of this notoriety lies in electroconvulsive therapy’s sketchy history. Numerous individuals take a gander at the utilization of electroshock before, instead of the flow progressions that have been made, giving an unreasonable partiality in regards to the procedure’s use today and making the populace partner electroconvulsive treatment with pictures of torment. In spite of the assumptions that the methodology is barbarous and regularly unsuccess... ...lectroconvulsive Therapy is an Effective Treatment for Schizophrenia and Depression.† Mental Illness. Ed. Tamara L. Roleff and Laura K. Egendorf. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 2000. Restricting Viewpoints Resource Center. Thomson Gale. George Mason University. 28 Sep. 2012.. Kneeland, Timothy W., and Carol A.B. Warren. Pushbutton Psychiatry: A History of Electroshock in America. Westport, Conn.: Praeger, 2002. Sherer, Richard A. Kitty Dukakis Book: In Praise of ECT-Despite the Memory Issue.(electroconvulsive therapy)(Shock: The Healing Power of Electroconvulsive Therapy). Psychiatric Times 23.13 (Nov 1, 2006): 1. Expanded Academic ASAP. Thomson Gale. George Mason University.â 7 Dec. 2012.â . Thackery, Ellen, and Madeline Harris. The Gale Encyclopedia of Mental Disorders. Detroit, Mich.: Gale Group, 2003. The Use of Electroconvulsive Therapy in Patients with Severe Depression The Use of Electroconvulsive Therapy in Patients with Severe Depression or Schizophrenia â€Å"In studies, people with both a past filled with serious misery and a background marked by physical injury because of a mishap positioned the torment of psychological sickness as much more awful than that of physical trauma† (Isaac 5). Psychological maladjustments cause huge misery and conceivably even demise; in the year 2000, the self destruction pace of patients experiencing despondency was assessed at fifteen percent. This is a demonstration of the way that dysfunctional behaviors, for example, sadness and schizophrenia are not kidding issues, and those experiencing them merit the best treatment accessible. Numerous specialists go to antidepressants and â€Å"talk-therapy† in endeavors to recuperate their patients; be that as it may, there are different choices. Electroconvulsive treatment (ECT), otherwise called electroshock, or just electrotherapy, is a dubious treatment of various psychological instabilities, including melancholy, schizophrenia, bipolar conf usion, and other state of mind issue. The methodology comprises of sending an electric flow through the cerebrum, basically stunning it and actuating a seizure. There are many known symptoms, including memory misfortune; be that as it may, their commonness and extent are quite discussed and far over-performed, making a negative notoriety. The inception of this notoriety lies in electroconvulsive therapy’s flawed history. Numerous individuals take a gander at the utilization of electroshock previously, as opposed to the flow headways that have been made, giving an uncalled for preference in regards to the procedure’s use today and making the populace partner electroconvulsive treatment with pictures of torment. In spite of the assumptions that the strategy is savage and regularly unsuccess... ...lectroconvulsive Therapy is an Effective Treatment for Schizophrenia and Depression.† Mental Illness. Ed. Tamara L. Roleff and Laura K. Egendorf. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 2000. Restricting Viewpoints Resource Center. Thomson Gale. George Mason University. 28 Sep. 2012.. Kneeland, Timothy W., and Carol A.B. Warren. Pushbutton Psychiatry: A History of Electroshock in America. Westport, Conn.: Praeger, 2002. Sherer, Richard A. Kitty Dukakis Book: In Praise of ECT-Despite the Memory Issue.(electroconvulsive therapy)(Shock: The Healing Power of Electroconvulsive Therapy). Psychiatric Times 23.13 (Nov 1, 2006): 1. Expanded Academic ASAP. Thomson Gale. George Mason University.â 7 Dec. 2012.â . Thackery, Ellen, and Madeline Harris. The Gale Encyclopedia of Mental Disorders. Detroit, Mich.: Gale Group, 2003.

Abortion Essays (1661 words) - Abortion, Free Essays, Term Papers

Premature birth Essays (1661 words) - Abortion, Free Essays, Term Papers Premature birth Fetus removal is the completion of pregnancy before birth and is ethically off-base. A premature birth brings about the passing of an incipient organism or a hatchling. Premature birth obliterates the lives of defenseless, guiltless kids and unlawful in numerous nations. By prematurely ending these unborn babies, people are harming themselves; they are not permitting themselves to meet these new characters and novel characters. Fetus removal is basically off-base. Everybody is raised realizing the distinction among good and bad. Murder isn't right, so for what reason isn't premature birth? Individuals contend that it isn't murder if the kid is unborn. Premature birth is murder since the embryo being decimated is no nonsense and moving. Why is it that if an newborn child is decimated a month prior to the birth, there is no issue, yet whenever killed a month after birth, this is harsh homicide? It is ethically and deliberately absurd, since we lose the center when we talk about regenerative rights without reference to a bigger good and profound measurement, and we are reluctant to utilize language like offense and reclamation, or good and bad. - Wolf p54 The principle reason premature births are indecent is the way they are so violently done. Regular, blameless, innocuous embryos that could before long be snickering kids are by and large severely pulverized. One type of premature birth is to cut the hatchling into pieces with serrated forceps before being evacuated, piece by piece from the uterus by pull with a vacuum suction apparatus. Another structure comprises of bringing the baby feet first into the birth waterway, puncturing its skull with a sharp instrument and sucking out the mind tissue. The body parts, for example, the head, are given letters, as opposed to allude to the parts as what they are. As I would see it this is for the specialists who can't confront the truth of what they are doing. The remaining parts of the baby or incipient organism, all things considered, are placed into ordinary, plastic pails and afterward sent to a dumpster where these valuable bones what's more, appendages are arranged. Be that as it may, how and when a premature birth happens are matters of little significance to ace abortionists and different safeguards. Much previous fetus removal experts from fluctuating foundations and religions have another view on fetus removal. These progressions of heart were brought about by mental, strict and logical reasons. One specialist, Dr. Bernard Nathanson, performed 60,000 premature births and regulated 10,000, prior to logical proof and the utilization of a ultrasound, persuaded him he was advancing and partaking what he presently calls the most appalling holocaust in the history of the United States. Different specialists will not perform lawful premature births, saying they should spare lives as opposed to annihilate them. Many contend is it the ladies' or the embryo's privileges and qualities that are being stomped on on? Professional decision developments once in a while count on a fetus removal talk that appears to dehumanize and trivialize the passing of a baby as an approach to adapt and make significant the conceptive privileges of ladies. (Wolf p54) Women can treat an undesirable embryo as an infringement of her social liberties and is therefor defended tin utilizing power to remove it (McMillan pA12) The choice isn't up to the mother since she isn't God. Just God, a definitive maker has the privilege to pick who may live and who will pass on. People don't have the privilege or the ability to control the personal satisfaction and to abstain from torment. The issue of premature birth isn't simply life, yet how life is made and the degree to which human aim and control the procedure, both when birth. All people creations and intercessions may give us a world to lament. (Clark p3) With fetus removal, we people give ourselves territory over a huge piece of God's arrangements and our fate. Premature birth turns out to be particularly shrewd when the bond among mother and youngster is broken also, it is being utilized as an elective conception prevention when people can't control their untrustworthy sexual yearnings. On the off chance that creatures are dependable enough to be explicitly dynamic, they should likewise be capable enough to acknowledge outcomes, and if that implies getting pregnant and making an actual existence, at that point that life ought to have the chance to live. There ought to be a bond or connection between a mother and kid, regardless of whether conceived or then again unborn. Moms and her youngsters structure a bond not at all like some other felling of adoration; when a kid is prematurely ended, before given the option to develop in the bond, does the mother feel the association with her kid or is it simply uterine material. Premature birth is rarely about just premature birth. It is

Integrated Financial Management Information System in Sharj - 1650 Words

Factors Influencing Implementation Of Integrated Financial Management Information System In Sharj (Essay Sample) Content: Students NameProfessors NameCourseDateFactors Influencing Implementation of Integrated Financial Management InformationSystem in SharjIntroductionThe evolving information and communication technology serve an integral role in fighting financial dishonesty in the public finance systems. Particularly, it endorses higher extensiveness and transparency of data across management institutions. In the recent past, developing, evolving, and post-conflict nations have progressively boarded the resolves to computerize their government operations, fundamentally in regards to public financial management (PFM). The predominant among these climaxes the projects to computerize government accounting as well as payment operations, acquaint with government financial management information systems. Located in the eastern Yemen, Sharj represents a good illustration of the implementation of integrated financial management information system (IFMIS) since the call of sobriety in its accou nting system. The major reason Sharj government implemented this projected owes to the outcome of the abundant paybacks predicted from its effective adoption. Nevertheless, several years following the enactment of the project, the system has proved challenging to provide the envisioned benefits of integrated financial planning alongside public expenditure implementation and control system. In the event, the phenomenon has attracted investigations into the dynamics that have prejudiced the slow implementation of the system. This paper offers a widespread analysis of the issues in a bid to document the factors influencing IFMIS within the region of Sharj state.Understanding IFMISOver the past decade, the collected works on IFMIS has addressed numerous aspects of design, sustainability, development systems, and implementation, yet not a single study has synthesized all these elements with exact country experiences to highlight the most appropriate strategies. A financial management inf ormation system, United States Agency for International Development (2) describes, denotes an information system that traces the financial activities and reviews financial evidence. In its simplest form, an IFMIS represents an accounting system constituted to function based on the requirements and specifications of the installed environment. The phrase IFMIS denotes the ICT entrenched in the financial operations to help in budget and management resolutions, preparation of financial reports, and fiduciary errands and statements. Within the realms of a government, IFMIS refers to the computerization of the processes of management of public finance, narrowing towards the preparation of budget, accounting and reporting functions. This occurs with the aid of an assimilated management system of finance appropriate for ministries, agencies scheduling expenditure, alongside other operations within the public sector.An IFMIS system serves to store, organize, and make access to financial info rmation easy. In Sharj, financial management information systems is not a new phenomenon. Antagonistically, it is one of the long-term approaches to recording financial information based on record keeping. The Sharj public administrators have reported a chain of issues, especially since the invention of money. The countrys public administration have long recognized the need to implement the project across the ministries and relevant authorities to conduct its numerous activities in the efficiency of financial management. As it stands out, there are various sources of information all over the government, which promotes duplication of information alongside a conforming mismatch in nature and deficiency of its integration. The buildup of office paperwork from the numerous load of work reduces the efficiency of operations and lack of retrieval of necessary data to offer primary government requirements. As such, the government of Sharj implemented the IFMIS project to strengthen financia l control efficiencies by making all-inclusive, reliable, and timely financial material obtainable to the public administrations, such as the parliament, auditor general, and prosecutorial agencies.Factors Influencing Implementation of IFMIS in SharjImpact of Corruption. The methodical assessments in regards to the impact of IFMIS on corruption in the nation remain in its infantry. Conversely, existing literature deliberates that IFMIS presents a preventiverole on fraud subject to its impact on detection. In addition to that, Ahern, Mark, and Beschel writes that IFMIS serves to offer a chain of features that may assist in detecting excessive payments, theft, and fraud (9). For example, the project provides computerized identification of exclusions to regular events, suspicion designs, mechanized cross-referencing of personal identification numbers for detecting scam, and cross-reference of asset records coupled with the purchase of equipment to detect financial burglary, proof of id entity of ghost employees, and automated cash disbursement rules. Given the above data, the introduction of IFMIS project in Sharj, as well as its succeeding expansion in the management of records, helped uncover irregularities in personal records of over 1000 civil workers, leading to a 15 percent suspension of subset employees from the payroll. The ability of the project to detect various forms of corruption in the public sector is one of the leading impediments to its implementation in the country. In most developing nations, Sharj for instance, individuals within the public sector expedite data transmission and report production, thus fail to offer a guarantee in recording reliable and complete financial data. In addition, the accelerated comparison of data presented by the project can assist in identification of weaknesses and omissions, in the event, alert public administrators in any suspicious patterns of activities. In regards to this, public administrators in Sharj has mad e efforts to oppose the implementation of IFMIS as it promptly ensures accountability and transparency within the public sector.Legal Framework. Designing an IFMIS project for the government requires a critical review of the legal and supervisory frameworks in a bid to assess the required changes to the structure of public financial management. The changing legal frameworks in Sharj has presented an uphill task in the IFMIS systems. Moreover, the attempts to address the legal and regulatory frameworks required for the IFMIS continue to make the project unsustainable and unsuccessful. Sharjs legislative framework does not offer a comprehensive constitutional, public finance, accounting, and budgetary laws and regulations that are indicative of IFMIS effectiveness. In the process, the country has faced challenges in defining the roles and responsibilities of the ministry of finance, treasury, among other bodies intricate in the management and control of public finances. Sharj has made significant steps in the provisions on the receipt and custody of annual procedures, government funds, proposal, and endorsement of procedures and approximations for disbursement of treasuries. Nonetheless, there are short comes based on accounting forms and procedures required for annual presentation and provisions on asset management. The country has provided limited attention to the statutory review and reporting necessities, including external audits, budgetary publications, and financial reporting into international bodies, such as the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Put simply, the regions legal and regulatory framework has continued to affect the implementation of IFMIS. Thus, it is imperative to comprehend the countrys legal system and its purposes to institute an IFMIS that responds to both the requirements and adaptability to eventual changes within the legal framework.Insufficient Technical Skills. In Sharj, the experience of the design and execution of the pilot of t he IFMIS project has been less sustaining. Particularly, the current IFMIS design, processes of accountability and existing ordinary budget execution appear to cover a significant portion of the financial automation, regardless of the consideration of an efficient process of harvesting the desired outcome (Karanja and Nganga 12). Having adopted this route, Sharj government has experienced numerous challenges regarding the complexity, expensive, and sophisticated nature of IFMIS. Considering the perspective of accounting financial reporting, the country of Sharj has failed to address definite concerns touching to the functionality, sustainability, and extension of the system. This issue of complexity coupled with insufficient technical skills in the country has led to problems encountered with the hired public administrators. The overriding issue remains the countrys local capacity, equally continues to present some challenges concerning the functionality of the project, leading to d elayed implementation. Similarly, the systems implementation phase has hardly progressed beyond the primary level for the reason that there is limited involvement as well as neglect of the project by the founding stakeholders, including the accounting general, treasury, and ministry of finance.Lack of Clarity in Ownersh...

The Legalization Of Assisted Suicide - 2314 Words

Legal Homicide The ongoing disagreements within the legalization of Assisted Suicide are never ending. In the modern healthcare field, assisted suicide has many problems faced upon the unsafe environments and the abuse within the laws provided. As we live on a day to day basis, new and improved technologies shape the medical field. It is the professional s job to be up to date on what is going on whether it is the physical issues or world matters. Most see assisted suicide as a terrible form to go about taking a human’s life, no matter which side to ethics one may stand. Think about how common it is to be misdiagnosed, very common? Now put a patient who is diagnosed with a disease such as stage 4 lung cancer, with a prognoses of only weeks left to live. Prognoses are based on statistical averages, which are nearly useless in determining what will happen to an individual patient (Golden 21). These terminally ill patients’ symptoms would just happen to fall under the cate gory that may be too broad for a reliable prediction. If a patient was put onto the last few weeks to live, most likely they will have thoughts about death. As most terminal illnesses end with a painful death, the patient will be thinking about how much pain they will have to go through in order to reach termination. Suicidal thoughts could lead the patient to have a possible thought to consider assisted suicide. While this will not allow the individual to outlive the prognosis. As this patient who was toldShow MoreRelatedThe Legalization Of Assisted Suicide1280 Words   |  6 PagesSupreme Court ruled that there is neither a constitutional right nor a constitutional prohibition of assisted suicide. This ruling allowed for Oregon state to begin to â€Å"experimenting† with the legalization. Though, the majority of states continue to stand firmly behind their decision on the legalization of assisted suicide. On one hand, people find this issue to be unethical, that assisted s uicide only exterminates the possibility of recovery. On the other hand, people believe that patients who haveRead MoreThe Legalization Of Assisted Suicide1650 Words   |  7 PagesWhile suicide itself is no longer considered a crime within the United States, physician-assisted suicide remains illegal. This practice, despite being closely related, varies from euthanasia. These two practices are distinguished by who administers the lethal dose that kills the patient; euthanasia is administered by a doctor whereas assisted suicide is the patient’s voluntary consumption of a fatal medication that was prescribed by a doctor. Despite the variation, both practices are currently consideredRead MoreThe Legalization of Assisted Suicide1291 Words   |  5 PagesAssisted Suicide has through out history caused controversy among our society. There are two sides to this issue, one that passionately supports it, and those who religiously disagree. I believe that assisted suicide should be come legal for several reasons. Assisted suicide gives individuals the right to end their suffering when they personally feel that their time has come to die. Assisted suicide should become legal because if one can decide to put an animal out of its misery, why shouldn’t thatRead MoreThe Legalization Of Physician Assisted Suicide976 Words   |  4 Pagesmake the last months of a person’s life as comfortable as possible, ultimately palliative and hospice care become ineffective in helping with the excruciating pain. Thus, the legalization of physician assisted suicide provides a compassionate death while preserving the concept of patient autonomy. Physician-assisted suicide enables terminally ill patients to die comfortably and peacefully in their own homes. Terminally ill patients suffer through constant pain in their final months, and there remainsRead MoreThe Legalization Of Physician Assisted Suicide1265 Words   |  6 PagesParker March, 14, 2015 Assisted Suicide Introduction There are several ethical and legal issues that are raised by the majority concerning the legalization of physician assisted suicide and the role of nurses in the process. Assisted suicide is a legal act of assisting those who are suffering from a deadly illness in ending their lives by providing them the means to do it (Griffith, 2014). Netherland was the first country to legalize physician assisted suicide. In 1994, Oregon becameRead MoreThe Legalization Of Physician Assisted Suicide1720 Words   |  7 PagesIt is obvious discussing physician-assisted suicide is a very controversial issue that is discussed daily by those who wish to die to avoid loss of dignity and also by those who think it is unethical. For physician-assisted suicide to even be considered, the patient must be of sound mind when they are requesting death with dignity. Physician-assisted suicide should be a legal option for people who are unable to end their own lives. However, there should be safeg uards to prevent any sort of abuseRead MoreThe Legalization Of Physician Assisted Suicide1984 Words   |  8 PagesAnthony Zhang 4.29.15 Period 3B Living in Pain or Death with Dignity The legalization of physician assisted suicide (PAS) in Oregon in 1994 changed the face of the argument between those who believe in death with dignity and those who believe in letting nature take its course. It was a major victory for PAS advocates as the first state in America had legalized PAS in the country’s history. In 2008, the neighboring state of Washington followed suit with a similar law and legalized PAS by a 58-42Read MoreLEGALIZATION OF ASSISTED SUICIDE IN THE U.S. Currently, physician-assisted suicide or death is2900 Words   |  12 PagesLEGALIZATION OF ASSISTED SUICIDE IN THE U.S. Currently, physician-assisted suicide or death is illegal in all states except Oregon, Vermont, Montana and Washington. Present law in other states express that suicide is not a crime, but assisting in suicide is. Supporters of legislation legalizing assisted suicide claim that the moral right to life should encompass the right to voluntary death. Opponents of assisted suicide claim that society has a moral and civic duty to preserve the lives of innocentRead MoreLegalization Of Physician Assisted Suicide820 Words   |  4 Pages In February 6, 2015, the Supreme Court of Canada made a momentous decision that would legalize physician-assisted death within a year. Physician-assisted suicide (PAS), in simple words, means doctors prescribe a lethal dose of medication that patients take themselves. The question that whether the Criminal Code provisions should prohibit physician-assisted suicide has been discussed in public for several decades. Actually, decriminalizing PAS may cause some sorts of abuses, but not decriminalizingRead MoreThe Need for the Legalization of Physician-Assisted Suicide2485 Words   |  10 Pagesprevent death. Many people turn to a procedure known as Physician-Assisted suicide, a process by which a doctor aids in ending a terminally ill patient’s life. This procedure is painless and effective, allowing patients to control their death and alleviate unnecessary suffering. In spite of these benefits, Physician-Assisted suicide is illegal in many places both nationally and internationally. Despite the fact that Physician-Assisted suicide is opposed by many Americans and much of the world on ethical

Strategic Supply Chain Management And Logistics - 2199 Words

International Academy Of New Zealand Strategic Supply Chain Management and Logistics Assignment 2 Author: Gurdev Singh E-mail: singhgurdev89@ymail.com Research Paper for Element 1 DB704 Strategic Supply Chain Management and Logistics Abstract Supply chain is an important part of all businesses that provide in the various sectors of a finished product for the consumer. Humes Pipeline Systems, a leading company in the market, is an example of a company that has good management needs of the supply chain. Among the different models of the supply chain, it was found that the ERP, Value Chain, and Lean Supply models are the most recommended. The different roles of various functions to achieve the objective of the supply chain have also been developed that. Operations, production and human resources finally the key business driver’s facilities, technology, and transportation have a major impact on the achievement of objectives Humes. Key Words: Humes, Manufacturing, Supply chain Management, Supply chain models, Business functions, Key business drivers. Introduction Humes Pipeline Systems retains its pride in its creativity, manufacturing and professional team of talented, quality products and services in the market. The market is constantly changing newShow MoreRelatedLogistics Management And Supply Chain Management1171 Words   |  5 PagesLogistics and Supply Chain Management Topic: Do the terms, ‘logistics management’ and ‘supply chain management’ have the same meaning in operations and why logistics management might be of strategic importance to a manufacturing or service organisation. During last two decades, the importance of logistics has been noticed around the world. In global markets, the effects and further developments of logistics and supply chain management for corporate success has increased significantly that resultRead MoreCompetitive Supply Chain Relationship Management Essay1416 Words   |  6 PagesCOMPETITIVE SUPPLY CHAIN RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN ORGANIZATIONS PRACTICES THROUGH COMPETITIVE PRIORITIES. Over the years, the competition landscape for most companies has shifted from the highest-quality, lowest priced product or best performing product to the ability to respond to market needs quickly and get the right product at the right time to the right customer. This has in turn forced organizations to compete with their supply chain. Understanding supply chain management and puttingRead MoreNew Learnings Of Supply Chain Management1705 Words   |  7 PagesUntil the Council of Logistics Management modified the definition of logistics to specify it as a subsection of supply chain management, many considered the two terms as one in the same. New learnings in the arena of supply chain management demonstrate the supply chain’s ability to support organizational business strategies. A supply chain in its entirely encompasses a wide range of activities from basic commodities, to selling finished goods to consumers, to recycling products (Harrison vanRead MoreA Framework For Sup ply Chains Logistics Operations Essay1283 Words   |  6 PagesTopic 1 Oakden, R., Leonaite, K. (2011). A Framework for Supply Chains Logistics Operations in the Asia Pacific Region. Sydney NSW: McGraw Hill. Chapter 1, Topic: Value chain. (pp. 6). Description of Topic The value chain is defined as the â€Å"full range of activities which are required to bring a product or service from conception, through the different phases of production (involving a combination of physical transformation and the input of various producer services), delivery to final consumersRead MoreSupply Chain And Logistics Management1295 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction What is supply chain and logistics? Supply chain management involves various activities from acquisition of raw material to distribution of final goods while logistics involves only transportation of goods. Supply chain plays integral role in business process without effective supply chain management an organization cannot meet its demands on time. So it plays crucial role in business activities. Following activities are involved in supply chain management 1. Procurement 2. ProductionRead MoreSupply Chain Management Of United Parcel Services1588 Words   |  7 Pages Title Page: Supply Chain Management of United Parcel Services (UPS) Individual Research Paper Written in Fulfillment of Activity 8.5 Course Requirements for LGMT 683 October 2014 Term Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University – Worldwide December 12, 2014 By Minina Johnson â€Æ' Abstract This research paper is written to explain the importance of globalization and supply chain management of the United Parcel Service (UPS). In this document, the reader will obtain the history and development of UPS asRead MoreDimensions Of Buyer Supplier Relationships1736 Words   |  7 Pages Dimensions of buyer-supplier relationships Trust, communication, cooperation, interpersonal relationship and power-dependence are the five dimensions of buyer supplier relationship. The play an important role in high-value strategic relationships, in such relationships, it is important that the buyer and the supplier see the benefits they are gaining from the continuous relationship. Trust Trust can be defined as the willingness to rely on an exchange partner in whom one has confidence (MoormanRead MoreDual Approach For Information Technology Strategic Management Essay1465 Words   |  6 Pagesof IT in the logistics sector. We conclude that IT will contribute to competitive advantage in limited cases and that most often the â€Å"strategic necessity† hypothesis will apply. 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Approaches Improving Effectiveness Efficie â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Questions: What Is The Need To Have A Marketing Strategy? What Is The Importance Of Having A Marketing Strategy To Improve The Business Structure For The Hotel? What Is The Impact Of A Marketing Strategy To Improve The Business Structure Of Melbourne Hotel? What Are The Recommendations That Will Enhance Effective Marketing Strategy Of Melbourne Marriot Hotel? Answers: Introduction This section will discuss the concept of marketing as well as provide examples of marketing strategies that are effective in improving the business structure of a company. Also, this section will discuss the significance and importance of marketing strategies that can be adopted by Melbourne Marriot Hotel towards improving its business structure. The concept of a marketing strategy A marketing strategy is a plan drafted by a business, company or firm for purposes of selling certain products and services. A marketing strategy is significant as it determines how well a business can compete with other similar business in the same industry. Besides, a marketing strategy plays an important role in increasing the market share through attracting more customers to the business (Hult 2011). Marketing strategies which are developed to improve business structure are pegged on several key elements. These components include the market, competition and consumer. Pricing is also a crucial factor when it comes to developing an effective marketing strategy. A business has to consider the price it offers its product to the market as well as competitors prices for purposes of determining the best price to sell products or services without exploiting the consumer. A product or service plays a crucial role in determining a marketing strategy that will be used to sell the products. A good and quality product has an added advantage over inferior products and as a result easy to promote while at the same time vulnerable to counterfeit products (Krush, Sohi Saini 2015). A marketing strategy will depend on market analysis. A business should be able to conduct a marketing analysis to determine the trend of the industry. If the industry is reducing regarding market capitalization, a business should come up with innovative market strategies that will disrupt the market and grow the industry. On the other hand, if the business is on the rise, a business should be able to adapt favorably to market forces and grow the business. A good strategy should evaluate the competition in the industry and be able to differentiate itself from other business to have a competitive advantage (Bashir, Yousaf Wani, 2016). Summary The literature review summarizes that marketing strategies play a significant role for every company. Companies rely on marketing strategies that to increase their awareness and visibility to prospective customers. Marketing strategies are also essential in attracting customers to boost sales for the business to increase profit margin (Phongpetra Johri 2011). Melbourne Marriot Hotel requires effective marketing strategies to ensure it gains a competitive advantage and market share in the hotel industry. Effective marketing strategies will ensure that Melbourne Marriot Hotel improves its business structure for sustainability. Research Methodology The main purpose of this research process is to investigate the objectives set by this study in order to validate the effectiveness of the marketing strategies that are aimed at improving the business structure of Melbourne Marriot Hotel in Australia. This study ensures that proper research process is followed to determine the effective strategies that will be used by the management of Melbourne Marriot Hotel. The research methodology focuses on the research design, the population under this study, the instruments used for the study among other things such as the cost and timing of the study (Clarke, et al., 2013). Research Philosophy Based on the opinions drawn by this research process, there are four significant research philosophies that relate to this study which include positivism, interpretivism, realism and pragmatism (Flick, 2015). The most relevant philosophy that is relevant for this study is positivism which emphasizes on the need to provide facts and logical explanations about the observation and data that can be quantified for purposes of ensuring that the research objective is attained. Research Approach There are two types of research approaches that are used in scientific study. These approaches include inductive and deductive approaches. The inductive approach is aimed at determining the lacking variable in the research study while deductive approach is meant to solve a specific issue in relation to the hypothesis of the study. For this study inductive approach is used because it assists in examining the relationship between the variables under the study and the research topic (Saunders, 2011). Inductive approach plays a critical role in determining the progress and authenticity of the study. Study Population The population under this study will be employees and managers at the Melbourne Marriot hotel in Australia. Research Design In a scientific research study, there are three designs that are commonly used which include explanatory, descriptive and exploratory. An explanatory research design is significant as it is self-explanatory with regards to the data collected. A descriptive research design offers detailed information that informs the researcher based on previous research data (Fayolle Lin, 2014). The exploratory research design explores primary data along with the existing variables under the study. This research study uses a descriptive research design to explain the findings of the study. Data Collection The method of collecting data for this research study will be from both primary and secondary sources. Primary data collection will be collected through as survey that will interview the marketing department of Melbourne Marriot Hotel, employees and frequent customers of the Hotel. On the other hand secondary data will be collected from existing literature on marketing, business reports and peer-reviewed journals (Bello Kostova, 2012). Sampling A simple random sampling is used in selection of employees and managers from Melbourne Marriot Hotel for this study. Careful consideration is used to eliminate cases of biasness and ensure reliable information is provided. The sampling size for the research is 53 respondents. Data Analysis The analysis of the data that will be collected will be based on the relevance of the sources where the objective is to access all the data and make sure to use the ones that are related to marketing strategies for improving the business structure. Timing The research process covers a period of seven weeks where the researcher will familiarize with the research question, develop research objectives and questions, peruse secondary sources from literature review, conduct the research, provide findings and give recommendations. Cost A budget will be determined by the researcher based on the activities that are going to be carried out. After, the cost for this study will be determined and calculated after the completion of research study. Miscellaneous costs that may arise will also be factored into the final calculation. One of the main benefits of having an elaborate marketing strategy is to improve communication among the employees which plays a significant role in Melbourne Hotel to facilitate efficiency. To determine the importance of a market strategy, one has to consider the market which the business intends to satisfy. Businesses that focus on domestic markets such as Melbourne Marriot hotel in Australia often use certain marketing strategies to achieve their goals. There are several classifications of marketing strategies that are based on various factors such knowing when to market and knowing when not to market (Sinha, 2012). According to this concept, there is always time for everything and business personnel should not act on emotions but understanding of market forces that facilitate the decision-making process. A person can plan effectively when he or she has an idea of the circumstances rather than jumping into something without much information. A marketing manager should be able to master the art of using intuition for purposes of determining the right time to seize an opportunity (Alonso-Almeida, Bremser Llach, 2015). Every marketing objective should not be challenged by other aspects of the business. A marketing manager should be able to act decisively when the right time for marketing the business presents itself which should be carefully analyzed through available marketing tools. Impact of marketing strategy on the improvement of business structure of Melbourne Marriot Hotel The impacts of marketing strategies for Melbourne Marriot Hotel are based on the core objective of providing better services and have a sustainable business structure. Effective marketing strategies have the potential to scale the profitability of the Hotel. Besides, effective strategies not only offer the company a chance to improve value proposition with customers but also attract new customers as well as maintain the existing ones by making them loyal customers. Focusing on the needs of the customers is crucial for the Hotel management to innovate new marketing strategies that will give them a competitive advantage and earn them a sizable market share among its competitors. The company has the potential to improve its brand and make it identifiable through customer relations that promote the benefits of the company not only to Australia but also across the world. Recommendations There are several marketing strategies which are classified based on the evaluation process that Melbourne Marriot Hotel can incorporate to improve their business structure (Madhani 2016). Several marketing strategies are fronted by researchers and categorized into six areas which include the main marketing strategy, general competitive advantage in the acquisition strategy, strategies to compete in certain markets, marketing, strategies of its intended market, positioning market strategy and strategy of the complex marketing elements. Marriot Hotel should aim at investigating more on these marketing strategies to give them a clear picture on how they should carry their marketing efforts (Hsu 2011). Conclusions Marketing strategies should focus on the local markets and extrapolate the results to a national level and international. This is to have a clear picture of what efforts should be encouraged to be able to compete favorably. For a business to determine its position in the market, it should be able to identify primary competitors for purposes of evaluating the performance of the business over time (Soteriades, 2012). For companies to achieve their marketing objectives, their main goal should be focused on marketing elements, control and risk management. Besides, the three aspects must have different marketing strategies that can be combined to have a powerful marketing strategy that meets the objective of a business. Lack of monitoring and evaluation of the marketing strategies does not guarantee the success of the campaign since the marketing should be modified progressively to specifically target the right consumer and create a loyal customer Reference List Alonso-Almeida, M., Bremser, K. Llach, J. 2015, "Proactive and Reactive Strategies Deployed by Restaurants in Times of Crisis", International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, vol. 27, no. 7, pp. 1641-1661. Aziz, A.E. Fady, R. 2013, "Business Improvement Using Organizational Goals, Riva Technique and e-business Development Stages", Journal of Enterprise Information Management, vol. 26, no. 5, pp. 577-595. Bashir, M., Yousaf, A. Wani, A.A. 2016, "Green Marketing CSR: A Proactive Innovative Tool to Gain Competitive Excellence", Journal of Supply Chain Management Systems, vol. 5, no. 2. Bettiol, M., Di Maria, E. Finotto, V. 2012, "Marketing in SMEs: the Role of Entrepreneurial Sensemaking", International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 223-248. Clarke, J., Tamaschke, R. Liesch, P., 2013. International Experience in International Business Research: A conceptualization and exploration of key themes. International Journal of Management Reviews, 15(3), pp. 265-279. Fayolle, A. Lin, F., 2014. The Future of Research on Entrepreneurial Intentions. Journal of Business Research, 67(5), pp. 663-666. Flick, U., 2015. Introducing Research Methodology: A beginner's guide to doing a research project. 1 ed. London: Sage. Hsu, Y. 2011, "Design Innovation and Marketing Strategy in Successful Product Competition", The Journal of Business Industrial Marketing, vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 223-236. Hult, G.T. 2011, "Toward a Theory of the Boundary-Spanning Marketing Organization and Insights from 31 Organization Theories", Academy of Marketing Science. Journal, vol. 39, no. 4, pp. 509-536. Krush, M.T., Sohi, R.S. Saini, A. 2015, "Dispersion of Marketing Capabilities: Impact on Marketing's Influence and Business Unit Outcomes", Academy of Marketing Science. Journal, vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 32-51. Madhani, P.M. 2016, "Competitiveness and Sustaining Performance: Integrating Sales and Marketing", SCMS Journal of Indian Management, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 19-36. Mitchell, R. Grace, D. 2012, "An Exploration and Extension of the Value Discipline Strategy (VDS) Typology in Educational Institutions", Marketing Intelligence Planning, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 402-417. Phongpetra, V. Johri, L.M. 2011, "Impact of Business Strategies of Automobile Manufacturers in Thailand", International Journal of Emerging Markets, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 17-37. Saunders, M., 2011. Research Methods for Business Students. United Kingdom: Pearson Education. Sinha, A.B. 2012, "Business Communication: The Mainstay of an Efficient Business", IUP Journal of Soft Skills, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 7-15. Soteriades, M. 2012, "Tourism Destination Marketing: Approaches Improving Effectiveness and Efficiency", Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 107-120

Mt Saint Helans Essays - Volcanology, Cascade Volcanoes,

Mt Saint Helans Mount St. Helens Location: Washington, United States Latitude: 46.20 N Longitude: 122.18 W height: 2,549 meters or 8,364 feet - 9,677 feet before May 18, 1980 Type: Stratovolcano Number of eruptions in past 200 years: 2-3 Latest Eruptions: Between 1660-1700, around 1800-1802, 1831, 1835, 1842-1844, 1847-1854, 1857, 1980-? Present thermal activity: strong steaming Nickname: Mount Fuji of the West Remarks: continuous intermittent activity since 1980 with occasional eruptions of steam and ash; occasional pyroclastic flows; intermittent dome forming. MSH is considered a young volcano that developed over the last 40,000 years and is one of the most active volcanoes in the Cascade Range. Geologists predicted that the volcano would erupt before the year 2000. The May 18, 1980 eruption of Mount SH was the most destructive in the history of the United States. In a matter of hours, MSH caused loss of lives and widespread destruction of valuable property because of the avalanche, lateral blast and mudflows. On March 20, 1980, starting with an earthquake that was followed by many others, MSH became active again after a quiet period of 123 years. On March 27, 1980, there was a huge explosion and MSH began blowing ash and steam. This lasted until May 14, 1980. The explosion in March opened up two craters that quickly became one huge crater. While this was happening, an enormous bulge on the north side of the mountain top appeared. It grew about six feet each day. Geologist kept measuring the bulge, recording the earthquakes and sampling the ash and gases. By May, the bulge was 300 feet wide and more than one mile in length. On May 18 at 8:32 in the morning, Mount St.. Helens erupted taking the top 1,200 feet off the volcano. The eruption went on until nightfall. The area of destruction was 230 square miles and was one of the largest landslides ever recorded in history. The blast was preceded by two months of intense activity that included over 10,000 earthquakes, hundreds of small phreatic (steam blasts) , explosions and the north side bulge. A magnitude 5.1 earthquake below the volcano at 8:32 am started the eruption. MSH is still a potentially dangerous and active volcano even though it has been quiet since 1995. In the last 515 years th ere have been four major eruptions and dozens of lesser eruptions. Two of the eruptions were only two years apart. In 1480, the eruption was about five times larger than the one in May 1980. There have been even larger eruptions during MSH' 50,000 year lifetime. After the May 18, 1980 eruption, there have been five smaller explosive eruptions over a five month period. Since then, there have been 16 dome building eruptions through October 1986 when the new dome in the crater was formed. As the mountain was torn open, the pressure in inside was suddenly relieved. The rock shattered inside the mountain was exploded out the top at speeds over 200 miles per hour. The blast was so strong that it leveled whole forest of fir trees. Geologist call this a stone wind since the winds carried the rocks form the blast with them. The rocks gave the winds extra force that let them flatten the trees. 150 square miles of land was leveled. The edges of this area also lost their forested areas from the heat of the blast and the fires it caused. The original blast of the volcano only lasted 10 to 15 minutes. It quickly started up again. A dark cloud of ash and gases went up for miles into the sky and spread for miles in every direction, but mostly eastward. Forest fires broke out everywhere. After abut four hours, the color of the ash became much lighter since the volcano was now throwing out new magma instead of old rock. The temperature of the volcanic flow was approximately 1000 degrees and was traveling extremely fast....about 100 miles per hour. The volcanic flows went on until late in the afternoon. These flows triggered an avalanche. The avalanche poured rocks, tress and dirt into nearby Spirit Lake and then downward to the valley of the North Fork of Toutle River. The ice and snow caps that melted caused mudflows. The mud traveled down the same path. It was incredibly destructive.

Software Programmers essays

Software Programmers essays The pressure is hard upon programmers to achieve high marks and high degrees of knowledge and this means that the attributes and skills of a programmer will be of a high standard. Programmers require many abilities; patience, persistence, and the ability to work on difficult problems, especially under pressure. Ingenuity and imagination also are particularly important when programmers design solutions and test their work for bugs. The ability to work with abstract concepts and because programmers are expected to work in teams and interact directly with users, employers want programmers who are able to communicate with non-technical personnel and technical personnel. Programmers must have a desire to learn and keep current with the latest changes and advancements. One helpful attribute would be a liking for their job so as not to be left behind because the topic was thought boring. Good communication skills are vital as a lot of the work done by programmers are in teams and having a productive team will ensure better results. Communication skills involve; speaking and understanding other people in the team, making sure everyone understands where they're headed to keep the team focused. Understanding the client's needs involves good communication skills as the programmer need to ensure what the client wants is what he think the client wants. Programmers need to see if it's in their capabilities to achieve and what the client wants also. Its no good promising the impossible. Writing good documentation in your programming is an important communication skill as it will aid in future adaptations to the program. Good documentation also aids the understanding of an outside programmer, its nearly as important as the coding itself. When the program is being used a record needs to be kept of the changes that have been made to the program over the years so that any other alterations can be m ...

Body Traffic Jam

1. 2 Objective of the report 1. Broad objective To discuss traffic jam, it’s causes and remedies 2. Specific objective -To discuss the effects of traffic jam on environment and social life, -To be introduced with the way of relief from traffic jam. – To find the way of upgrading the traffic systems . 3 Scope and Limitations of the report This report could have even more wealth and information. But, due to limited time, few information could be collected. More budgeting on this report could have given it a aristocratic look. In spite of these limitations, it has been tried to enrich this report by proper and authentic information. It has been tried to be rational with the real figure of traffic jam. It is believed that this report will help the follower to go for further analysis. Chapter 02: Methodology 2. Population Parameters A parameter is a numerical summary of a population; because populations have so many members, these can never be known except if a census is tak en. 2. 2 Sampling Design In the theory of finite population sampling a sampling design specifies for every possible sample its probability of being drawn. Mathematically a sampling design is denoted by the function P(S) which gives the probability of drawing a sample. 2. 3 Variables Covered Here we have included -urban traffic problems -suburban traffic problems high way traffic problems 2. 4 Methods of Data Collection There are four main methods of data collection. †¢ Census. A census is a study that obtains data from every member of a population. In most studies, a census is not practical, because of the cost and/or time required. †¢ Sample survey. A sample survey is a study that obtains data from a subset of a population, in order to estimate population attributes. †¢ Experiment. An experiment is a controlled study in which the researcher attempts to understand cause-and-effect relationships. The study is â€Å"controlled† in the sense that the researcher controls (1) how subjects are assigned to groups and (2) which treatments each group receives. †¢ Observational study. Like experiments, observational studies attempt to understand cause-and-effect relationships. However, unlike experiments, the researcher is not able to control (1) how subjects are assigned to groups and/or (2) which treatments each group receives. 2. 5 Data Analysis Plan The appropriate methods of data analysis are determined by data types and variables of interest, the actual distribution of the variables, and the number of cases. Different analyses of the same data set may reflect or represent different aspects of the underlying data structure. Once a plan has been established, it could contain any combination of the following types of data analysis strategies: †¢ Exploratory: This type of data analysis often occurs when a program is new, and it is unclear what to expect from the data. †¢ Descriptive: The most common type of data analysis, this approach will summarize your findings and describe the sample. †¢ Inferential: Inferential statistics allow us to draw conclusions about the larger population from which the sample is drawn. These powerful techniques may be able demonstrate if a change has occurred as a result of your program. PDA’s Statistics Division specializes in many sophisticated data analysis techniques. Chapter 3: Traffic Jam, It’s Causes, Effects and Remedies 3. 1 Causes of Traffic Jam â€Å"During experiment, it has been found that human error is a major cause of most frustrating kinds of traffic jams†. ( Annexes – I) In generally the traffic jams are causes by following reasons- -Dishonesty of traffic polices -Insufficient roads and highways. Poor communication system. -Too many vehicles -Low price fuel ( CNG) and available motor cars. -Traffic jams are usually caused because there must be an accident. -Most often, traffic jam are caused by – those who drive too slow always end up compacting the faster drivers behind them -In rush hours when too many people start for destination. -Free parking here and there causes hindrance on traffic way -Some drivers tries to drive faster than the flow of traffic. -Some times drivers stop on the highway and causes a traffic jam. . 2 Traffic Jam Affects Society and Environment Traffic jam affects the society in some of the ways below: †¢ creates mental stress in the motorists †¢ paves way for wastage of fuel and wear tear of vehicle parts which ultimately waste the money of the motorists †¢ becomes a cause for rash driving and road accidents involving loss of lives †¢ makes the motorists to inhale lot of vehicular smoke emissions in a short period of time causing many diseases †¢ wasting time of motorists and passengers Traffic jam affects the environment in some of the ways below: †¢ efficiency of fuel usage by idle running of vehicle engines in low speed is very low leading to wastage of fuel which ultimately results in over exploitation of fossil fuel reserves †¢ vehicles at low speed emit lot amount of carbon monoxide, unburnt fuel particles, suspended particulate matters and other pollutants into atmosphere causing air pollution more grave †¢ when vehicles start to move slowly, noise pollution is created by blowing horns by the motorists. 3. 3 Remedies to Traffic Jam Increased regulation would not work in practice. Regulation either requires more cops, which are an expensive kind of work force, or automated systems, which are sketchy from a legal point of view. Technological solutions aren’t the way to go, either. They are predicated on the assumption that all (or enough) drivers would adopt this technology, which will be expensive and error-prone, and possibly encourage risky behavior. Traffic jams are a symptom of more vehicles than the planned carrying capacity of the roads. In order to prevent traffic jams: -one method is to reduce the number of vehicles. Imposing disincentives (taxation, congestion fees) is one way, but offering sensible alternatives (mass transit, a functional passenger rail system, telecommuting) is smarter. -no hand held cell phones while driving. -controlling Speed of traffic more efficiently during rush hours (points to one idea, the classic â€Å"slow down and keep a constant speed† method). Chapter 4 : C onclusion and Recommendation 4. 1 Conclusion The present problem of traffic jam has not created by one day. For long unawareness and long time plan and booming number of traffic cause this. As Bangladesh is a developing country, it should be more aware of time and money. Not only this, as Bangladesh is a low land country, so it should be aware of green house gas. Traffic jam is killing time, wasting money, causing more green house gas. If we can’t reduce traffic jam significantly we will be great looser. Our development may slow down due to traffic jam. 4. 2 Recommendation: -We will have to go for long time plan to improve our roods and high way communication system. -Withdraw of old and slow vehicles. -Trained driver -Maintain LAN during driving -Use of divider Annexes-I |Bottlenecks (traffic demand   exceeds roadway capacity) |50% of total traffic jam | |Traffic incidents |25% of total traffic jam | |Work zones |15% of total traffic jam | |Bad weather |10% of total traffic jam | |Poor signal timing |  5% of total traffic jam | Fig :- On an average major causes of traffic jam References: 1. Text books: Giltow, C. Oppenhein, R. (1995). Management: Tools and methods for improvement. Boston: Irwin-Mcgraw-Hill. 2. Websites: -HYPERLINK http://statisticssolutions. blogspot. com/2008/09/what-is-included-in-data-analysis-plan. html -http://wiki. answers. com/Q/What_causes_traffic_jams -http://wiki. answers. com/Q/What_are_some_ways_a_traffic_jam_affects_the_society_and_environment – http://freakonomics. blogs. nytimes. com/2008/03/10/what-causes-traffic-jams-you/ http://www. infoplease. com/ipa/A0931283. html#axzz0wBBDMA5L Body Traffic Jam 1. 2 Objective of the report 1. Broad objective To discuss traffic jam, it’s causes and remedies 2. Specific objective -To discuss the effects of traffic jam on environment and social life, -To be introduced with the way of relief from traffic jam. – To find the way of upgrading the traffic systems . 3 Scope and Limitations of the report This report could have even more wealth and information. But, due to limited time, few information could be collected. More budgeting on this report could have given it a aristocratic look. In spite of these limitations, it has been tried to enrich this report by proper and authentic information. It has been tried to be rational with the real figure of traffic jam. It is believed that this report will help the follower to go for further analysis. Chapter 02: Methodology 2. Population Parameters A parameter is a numerical summary of a population; because populations have so many members, these can never be known except if a census is tak en. 2. 2 Sampling Design In the theory of finite population sampling a sampling design specifies for every possible sample its probability of being drawn. Mathematically a sampling design is denoted by the function P(S) which gives the probability of drawing a sample. 2. 3 Variables Covered Here we have included -urban traffic problems -suburban traffic problems high way traffic problems 2. 4 Methods of Data Collection There are four main methods of data collection. †¢ Census. A census is a study that obtains data from every member of a population. In most studies, a census is not practical, because of the cost and/or time required. †¢ Sample survey. A sample survey is a study that obtains data from a subset of a population, in order to estimate population attributes. †¢ Experiment. An experiment is a controlled study in which the researcher attempts to understand cause-and-effect relationships. The study is â€Å"controlled† in the sense that the researcher controls (1) how subjects are assigned to groups and (2) which treatments each group receives. †¢ Observational study. Like experiments, observational studies attempt to understand cause-and-effect relationships. However, unlike experiments, the researcher is not able to control (1) how subjects are assigned to groups and/or (2) which treatments each group receives. 2. 5 Data Analysis Plan The appropriate methods of data analysis are determined by data types and variables of interest, the actual distribution of the variables, and the number of cases. Different analyses of the same data set may reflect or represent different aspects of the underlying data structure. Once a plan has been established, it could contain any combination of the following types of data analysis strategies: †¢ Exploratory: This type of data analysis often occurs when a program is new, and it is unclear what to expect from the data. †¢ Descriptive: The most common type of data analysis, this approach will summarize your findings and describe the sample. †¢ Inferential: Inferential statistics allow us to draw conclusions about the larger population from which the sample is drawn. These powerful techniques may be able demonstrate if a change has occurred as a result of your program. PDA’s Statistics Division specializes in many sophisticated data analysis techniques. Chapter 3: Traffic Jam, It’s Causes, Effects and Remedies 3. 1 Causes of Traffic Jam â€Å"During experiment, it has been found that human error is a major cause of most frustrating kinds of traffic jams†. ( Annexes – I) In generally the traffic jams are causes by following reasons- -Dishonesty of traffic polices -Insufficient roads and highways. Poor communication system. -Too many vehicles -Low price fuel ( CNG) and available motor cars. -Traffic jams are usually caused because there must be an accident. -Most often, traffic jam are caused by – those who drive too slow always end up compacting the faster drivers behind them -In rush hours when too many people start for destination. -Free parking here and there causes hindrance on traffic way -Some drivers tries to drive faster than the flow of traffic. -Some times drivers stop on the highway and causes a traffic jam. . 2 Traffic Jam Affects Society and Environment Traffic jam affects the society in some of the ways below: †¢ creates mental stress in the motorists †¢ paves way for wastage of fuel and wear tear of vehicle parts which ultimately waste the money of the motorists †¢ becomes a cause for rash driving and road accidents involving loss of lives †¢ makes the motorists to inhale lot of vehicular smoke emissions in a short period of time causing many diseases †¢ wasting time of motorists and passengers Traffic jam affects the environment in some of the ways below: †¢ efficiency of fuel usage by idle running of vehicle engines in low speed is very low leading to wastage of fuel which ultimately results in over exploitation of fossil fuel reserves †¢ vehicles at low speed emit lot amount of carbon monoxide, unburnt fuel particles, suspended particulate matters and other pollutants into atmosphere causing air pollution more grave †¢ when vehicles start to move slowly, noise pollution is created by blowing horns by the motorists. 3. 3 Remedies to Traffic Jam Increased regulation would not work in practice. Regulation either requires more cops, which are an expensive kind of work force, or automated systems, which are sketchy from a legal point of view. Technological solutions aren’t the way to go, either. They are predicated on the assumption that all (or enough) drivers would adopt this technology, which will be expensive and error-prone, and possibly encourage risky behavior. Traffic jams are a symptom of more vehicles than the planned carrying capacity of the roads. In order to prevent traffic jams: -one method is to reduce the number of vehicles. Imposing disincentives (taxation, congestion fees) is one way, but offering sensible alternatives (mass transit, a functional passenger rail system, telecommuting) is smarter. -no hand held cell phones while driving. -controlling Speed of traffic more efficiently during rush hours (points to one idea, the classic â€Å"slow down and keep a constant speed† method). Chapter 4 : C onclusion and Recommendation 4. 1 Conclusion The present problem of traffic jam has not created by one day. For long unawareness and long time plan and booming number of traffic cause this. As Bangladesh is a developing country, it should be more aware of time and money. Not only this, as Bangladesh is a low land country, so it should be aware of green house gas. Traffic jam is killing time, wasting money, causing more green house gas. If we can’t reduce traffic jam significantly we will be great looser. Our development may slow down due to traffic jam. 4. 2 Recommendation: -We will have to go for long time plan to improve our roods and high way communication system. -Withdraw of old and slow vehicles. -Trained driver -Maintain LAN during driving -Use of divider Annexes-I |Bottlenecks (traffic demand   exceeds roadway capacity) |50% of total traffic jam | |Traffic incidents |25% of total traffic jam | |Work zones |15% of total traffic jam | |Bad weather |10% of total traffic jam | |Poor signal timing |  5% of total traffic jam | Fig :- On an average major causes of traffic jam References: 1. Text books: Giltow, C. Oppenhein, R. (1995). Management: Tools and methods for improvement. Boston: Irwin-Mcgraw-Hill. 2. Websites: -HYPERLINK http://statisticssolutions. blogspot. com/2008/09/what-is-included-in-data-analysis-plan. html -http://wiki. answers. com/Q/What_causes_traffic_jams -http://wiki. answers. com/Q/What_are_some_ways_a_traffic_jam_affects_the_society_and_environment – http://freakonomics. blogs. nytimes. com/2008/03/10/what-causes-traffic-jams-you/ http://www. infoplease. com/ipa/A0931283. html#axzz0wBBDMA5L

Kindly see the instruction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Kindly see the instruction - Essay Example beliefs, as well as the many testimonies from couples of the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgendered community (LGBT), judges and citizens alike are looking to overturn the Defense Against Marriage Act, which would allow gay couples to have the same federal benefits as their heterosexual counterparts. On March 27, 2013, the members of the Supreme Court gathered to hear the testimonies, fears, and concerns that both opposers and proponents of gay marriage had. Those that oppose gay marriage, specifically those that allowed California’s Proposition 8, which would ban gay marriage and overturn the marriages that had been conducted previously, made their side of the argument known that marriage is a union that has always been available only to men and women. Though they could find no consequences of people within the LGBT community becoming legally married, they continued to argue that to allow them the chance to marry would go against the very definition of marriage. The proponents for gay marriage, a large following that consists of homosexuals and heterosexuals alike, simply believe that under the freedom that America stands for they should be allowed to marry someone they love. After the first day of hearing testimonies, members of the Court also had their say about their own stances in regard to gay marriage. Justice Anthony Kennedy, who is â€Å"seen as the swing vote between liberal and conservative justices† (Dymond, par. 8), is less concerned about the marriage debate itself and more concerned about whether or not the federal government had the authority to legalize and then ban gay marriage in California. Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg believes that there should be two separate types of marriage, a full marriage for heterosexual couples and what is referred to as the skim-milk marriage for homosexuals. There were other members, though, we were not as neutral. Elena Kagan found that the Defense Against Marriage Act was written and enforced out of

Minimalist visual artists and composers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Minimalist visual artists and composers - Essay Example main characteristics of minimalist art that I really like include simplicity of the content, absence of anecdotal content and narration, monochromatic surfaces, and emphasis on shapes instead of backgrounds. However, I do not like the absence of aesthetic qualities in the minimalist artworks. In case of minimalist music, the things I like the most include use of single pulse and rhythm, use of same beats, simple and repetitive harmonies, and static instrumentation. What I do not like about minimalist music is lack of a real melody in the songs. In minimalist compositions, a single effect is maintained all through the song, which sometimes appears a little boring to me. An example of this form of music is that of ‘The Desert Music’ by Stephen Michael Reich. In this composition, Reich has used the repeated chords, same harmonic material, same harmonic progressions, and the same text that reflect the adherence of Reich to the basic characteristics of the minimalist

Essay --

Edouard Manet, often considered one of the founders of modern art, certainly challenged the norm and incited thought through his paintings and sketches. His works challenged social norms and were critical of politics. As we look at his art today it is hard to see how his work is controversial. The images within his paintings that seem little more than after thought, would have shocked and appalled people of the mid 19th century. However, with a little more knowledge pertaining to the meaning of the imagery, and how it would be perceived at the time, it is a wonder that Manet died of natural causes rather than riot or execution. He deliberately used images from famous paintings and applied them in ways that would either draw parallels to the original work or contradict it completely. Manet also used techniques to involve his audience in the painting, essentially extending the work beyond the canvas. The Execution of Emperor Maximilian is no exception to any of these rules. It is crucial to understand the brief history of the event depicted in Manet’s painting The Execution of Emperor ...

Cashiering system Essay

Introduction In our generation so many things are different. The advent of technology has changed the way we live, work and spend leisure time. Computer was considered the lifeblood of society; people are everywhere. And the advancement in discoveries, both in hardware and software, keep coming, day in and day out. Technology changes and improves at a rapid pace and companies and institutions need to cope with it. This is because as the latest knowledge of development in computer technology grows people’s standard increase. people seek and crave for betterment and more efficient ways to accomplish tedious task. At the present time, people behind large and small companies adopt modern technology in order to survive and compete with markets demands. Also, through the use of this, different transactions and processing systems have become computerized for greater ease and accuracy. An automated cashiering system is any system where an input is provided and a machine or computer carries out a process that produces an output. A cashiering and student account system is a combination of software and hardware that receives call detail and service usage information, groups this information for specific accounts or customers, produces invoices, creates reports for management, and records (posts) payments made to customer accounts. 1.1 Background of Study Most institutions and establishments that researcher visit are using systems to easily cater the needs of the customers or clients. It will also provide a better service to its clientele. The system will properly accommodate the needs of the students and the parents in taking the statement of accounts. It will provide an accurate, fast and smart statement of accounts to students that are up-dated for the school administrator and the students. It will also provide students to view their own statement of accounts.  Cashiering and Student Account System has different features that would be a perfect aide for the students, school administrators, cashiers and parents as well. It can process payments and assessments of students. It can also view the remaining balance of students and can view the previous and present income collected in every department or courses. Administrators can modify the information of students and cashiers. Administrators can also monitor the user’s log, if who and what time the user (cashiers or students) used the system. Administrators can also view the history of payments and the remaining balance of students. 1.2 Statement of Objectives 1.2.1 General Objective The main objectives of this study is to design and develop an Automated Cashiering system and student account system in Madana Mohana Academy that will to make their recording fast, easy, updatable and accurate. Likewise accounting data becomes efficient with minimal accounting errors, to increase cashiering productivity. 1.2.2 Specific Objective A user-friendly computer system that can perform the following task: Develop a system that can give accurate records of the student financial records. Develop a system that can accept & calculate payments and let the user choose any particular. Print bills for individual account. Develop a system that generates accurate weekly, monthly, and yearly reports. Develop a system that Let the user allow to add, delete, and edit information. Develop a system that can store data in the database. Develop a system that let the admin to create an account. 1.3 Significance of the study Having an automated Cashiering system is not only significant for the institution but also for the employees and students as well. It is significant for the institution for all of their transaction are accelerated they can maximize the capability of their employees, they will have less  expenses, and having such system will boost their popularity. A system that accelerates transaction and automate developing of the cashiering & SAS will benefit the employees for they don’t have to waste their time recording, searching for records, writing reports, and all other manual staff therefore they can do their job at their best. It is significant for the students because they don’t have to waste time just to pay their bill and they don’t have to worry for their account because everything and all of their records are safe. 1.4 Scope and limitation Our project includes billing the students, accepts payments made, produces invoices, and creates reports for management. Our project is only limited to that transaction therefore any other system like enrollment and grading system is not included in this system. If you like to upgrade your system with that following, it will be another contract. Foreign Literature According to some inventors; An automated cashier apparatus, comprising a console having first and second compartments therein, said first and second compartments being separately and independently accessible; data entry means for accepting purchase information from a customer and data display means for displaying sale-related data to the customer; communication means for transmitting said purchase information to a remote order fulfillment means, said data entry and display means and communication means being mounted in said first compartment; means for accepting credit card purchase information; coin and currency acceptance, storage and dispensation means located in said second compartment, said second compartment comprising a tamper-resistant safe structure; said data entry and display means, credit card acceptance means and coin and currency acceptance and dispensation means being logically interconnected and controlled by microprocessor means comprising a primary microprocessor l ocated in said second compartment and a secondary microprocessor located in said first compartment, said primary microprocessor adapted to control coin and currency acceptance and dispensation and said secondary microprocessor adapted to perform order acceptance and display functions. Local Literature The Liberty Christian School is a Christian coeducational day school, named after Pastor Celis. It was established on November 28. The Liberty Christian manual enrollment and cashiering system was developed in 1993 and it’s unable to meet the growing demands for their students. Hence, it needs a re- engineering and introduce new modification for the system in accordance to the fast-changing technology. The new well – enhanced automated system of Liberty Christian School Enrollment and Cashiering System has begun this year during the second semester of 2007-2008. The new system of Liberty Christian School has improved to the unsatisfactory performance of the old system. The certain flow of our program is inputting the necessary information of the students and supply the correct output of the enrollment, and the selected accounts of the students. There are certain necessities that have been added in the system, like, a student could possibly be accelerated or dropped out from class due to failed subjects of which the student could have made up or summer classes within that year. Also, the students could promptly ask for an assessment of his/her subjects together with his/her accounts. There are typical problems of the system that has been established but because of this proposal the system is clarified and settled in some ways, such as records of students are easily updated and information are being retrieved accurately, Advancing Information Technology Research accounting data is efficient with minimal accounting errors. Also, it enhances cashiering productivity. 2.0 Review of related Literature and studies Cashiering and student account system has existed for a very long time, people has already been having transactions every day in their lives. But as the advancement of technology take over the way we live, people always seek to make things easier with the help of the machines or computer. That’s why programmers try to make everything automated to make our work easier. Methodology For developing this project we used the Systems development life cycle (SDLC). SDLC is a process used by systems analyst to develop an information system. The SDLC aims to produce a high quality system that meets or exceeds  customer expectation, reaches completion within times and cost estimates, works effectively and efficiently. SDLC can be described along spectrum of agile to iterative to sequential. But for this project we use the sequential, which is the waterfall. We used the waterfall as a guide follows its sequence of stages in which our output of each stage becomes our input for the next. These stages start with as planning, analysis, design, implementation, and maintenance. As we go on in this project we will follow this stages to derive in a successful system. Planning Our system analyst conduct series of research, visit the company, observe how their current system works, and interview many employee involve in the system as many as possible. In this phase, we aim to gather data, determined the problem, determine the cost, develop schedule, consider the need of the client, set goals and objective that will serve as a guide throughout this project. Analysis With the data gathered in the planning phase, we now use this data to make and information out of it. We will then provide solution with the problem we discovered. Describe costs and benefits and submit a preliminary plan with recommendation. We also try to communicate with the client and ask for their recommendations and how they would like their system to become. With the complete information our system analyst have gathered. She now discussed with the system designer and builders and explains everything on how the system will work. Design In this phase we now use the information and decision made in the analysis phase. Our designers job to make our project to have great user interface. We will show you the final design in the later page. Implementation This phase involved in installation, and testing the final system of course with the client’s approval. We also conduct training for the users of the system. Maintenance This is the last phase in the waterfall method; the system is already running in this phase. This phase is for some corrections and upgrades to expand the  systems capacities. When this phase is over our contract is done. But if the client request for additional function it will be an additional contract. 1.1 Requirement Analysis 1.1.1 Client/Customer Requirements By applying Agile modeling in developing our Information system, we developers observes how their current system work and conducted an initial interview. We then discuss on how we are going to upgrade their current system with the clarification with the limitations that the system that we will be making will only support student registration and accept some payment, then we are given some requirements from the client on how their system should be upgraded; Secure Data storage Password protected User-friendly Graphical User-Interface To be able to generate reports and transaction Handles payment Prints receipt 1.1.2 Performance Requirements 1.1.3 Functional requirements 1.1.4 Hardware Requirements 1.1.5 Software Requirements VISUAL BASIC.NET SQL DATABASE 2. Schedule of Activities 3. Logical Design 3.1 Entity-Relationship Diagram 3.2 Activity Diagram 3.3 Screenshots 3.4 Development 3.5 Testing 3.6 Deployment 3.7 Evaluation 3.8 Maintenance Plan 4. Result and Discussions 5. Conclusion And recommendation 6. Appendices 7. References http://www.gordonschools.aberdeenshire.sch.uk/Departments/Computing/StandardGrade/AutoSysWeb/1Introduction.htm http://www.gordonschools.aberdeenshire.sch.uk/Departments/Computing/StandardGrade/AutoSysWeb/2Advantages.htm http://www.ask.com/question/what-are-the-disadvantages-of-a-manual-system http://www.ask.com/question/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-manual-system http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_disadvantages_of_manual_systems http://www.studymode.com/essays/Related-Literature-1105941.html http://www.webgeekresources.com/ http://www.freepatentsonline.com/5183142.html 8. System Coding 3.0 4.0 Data Gathering Procedures and Output In our Data gathering since we decide to use the waterfall method we follow its phases to gather information. First, in our planning phase we search for a willing company to make their system automated, there we found the institution called Madana Mohana Academy who wants their cashiering system automated. To gather data we conduct a series of interview to the involved employee, we also ask for the management for their ideal system. After the  interview we observe how their current system works. Upon observing we notice many problems and we got an idea on what system we will develop. After the planning phase we move on to our analysis and so on. That’s how we gather data and came up with an output. 5.1 Company background Madana Mohana Academy is a private school own by Mr. George Bristol. It is a non-sectarian pro-life institution which means it is a vegetarian school bringing meat inside the campus is strictly prohibited. Its vision is to help the student to understanding their essence, position, and function as a human being, and there mission is extract the student’s full potential. MMA is a Hindu practice school. It’s been develop last 19forgoten which started as a preliminary school, but it’s been develop over the year and now they have secondary level and looking forward to be a college. MMA is a private school and has been supported by rich Hindus over the world. MMA is quite different from other school it’s like a training center. It discipline the students and guide them how to live in this world without being attach in it. Relationship with opposite sex are also prohibited. 5.2 Description of the System Cashiering and student account system is the heart of their system it is because it is where payments are made, confidential records are stored. Even though MMA has equipment and capable of having an automated system they stick to manual system because they lack the knowledge on how to get such system. They are used on having their financial system manually because they used to have less used to have less student, but now with the increasing number of students many problems occur. Billing and recording the payments of the students has been done manually, recording are put into a columnar journal, they divide the whole book and give space for each student, and receipts has been done manually by hand. As a result their employee consume all the time just by recording. As we observe, they surely need to automate their system and see the difference for themselves. 5.3 Agile modeling Diagram 5.5 Problem Areas As we observe how their system work we discover a lot of problems. With the increasing number of student they encounter many problems especially to their accounting department. It has become a problem to the institution, students, and employees. Having their system manually and records are put in a book they can’t avoid data loss, time consuming because they have to scan for the whole book just to find the particular student, prone to errors, require continuous monitoring to ensure that each transaction is accounted for, and the cost to maintain manual systems it is considerably higher due to the amount of manpower needed, Summarizing data and writing reports take lot of time, data duplication: the same data gets repeated over and over since the employees find it hard to keep track of the documents, information and transactions, lack of security: since data is stored in filing cabinets it is freely available to anyone, common errors: when entering data customers might have acc identally switched details and data since it is hand written, repetition of work: if there are any changes to be made, the data will have to be entered again. at times the worker would forget to make the changes or forget that they had already altered it and might redo it again, its again time consuming, too much paper work: since everything and every details is written down manually in paper there will be too much paper work!, space consuming: since the data and paper is stored in filing cabinets it consumes too much place, as the amount of work done on paper increases the filing cabinets too increases, slow retrieval of data: the information of students and details are stored in different parts of the record book and so takes a long time to retrieve the data. Those where the problems we discovered with just observing in a short period of time. 6.1 System Overview A School cashiering and student account system is a combination of software and hardware that receives call detail and service usage information, groups this information for specific accounts or Students, produces invoices, creates reports for management, and records (posts) payments made to customer accounts. It is also safe because it is encrypted with password therefore only admins are the only one allowed to log in. The back end of  the financial system periodically combines records from the bill pool to create a single invoice that is sent to the students. The payments are posted (recorded) in the system. This system is inexpensive to maintain and cost-effective to enhance. 6.2 Process Specification 6.2.1 Data flow Diagram Database 6.2.3 System Design/Specification User of the system is required to Log-in before he/she can access the system for confidentiality. This is the main window of the system. It compose with three main part which are the student list window, the preview window and the buttons. The student list window literally list all the student which shows the student current account. The preview window shows basic information of the student selected in the student list window. The last part are the buttons, each buttons has its own function and has its own window. This windows will accept payments from the student. It will appear when the user selected a student and click the pay button. This window will accept any payment. Each bill has its own code therefore the student can choose what bill and how much they will pay, when the user click the pay button, a receipt will be printed and the data is updated in the database. This is the user account form it will appear if the add user account button a child button of the add button. It is use to create user account that can be able to access the system.

Tanzanias Climate Essay - 929 Words

Tanzanias Climate Tanzania represents a wealth of ecological diversity, ethnic diversity, and geographical diversity. It contains both the tallest mountain in Africa as well as the largest lake, and is a tourist hotspot for safaris and expeditions to Mt. Kilimanjaro. The citizens of Tanzania are utterly dependent on the weather for their two major businesses, agriculture and tourism. Thus, the climate of Tanzania is worth examining in greater detail. Tanzania has two distinct seasons, wet and dry. However, the northern region of Tanzania can experience two wet seasons, the longest of which spans from March to May and the shortest from November to December. The March to May period is known as â€Å"the long rains†, during which†¦show more content†¦The land of Tanzania, apart from Mt. Kilimanjaro, is relatively flat, with part of the East African plateau of about 1200 m above sea level making up most of the geography. 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